
\begin{table}
\caption{Robustness Check: The Pooled OLS Regression Results of Upward and Downward Comparisons for Ethnic Conflict (1992-2020)}
\begin{center}
\scalebox{0.7}{
\begin{tabular}{l c c c c c c c c}
\hline
 & \multicolumn{4}{c}{DV: Conflict Onset} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{DV: Conflict Prevalence} \\
\cline{2-5} \cline{6-9}
 & M1:Best & M2:Worst & M3:Median & M4:Nearest & M5:Best & M6:Worst & M7:Median & M8:Nearest \\
\hline
Relative poverty           & $0.000$        & $0.000$        & $0.000$        & $-0.000$       & $-0.001$       & $-0.001$       & $-0.004$       & $0.004$        \\
                           & $(0.001)$      & $(0.003)$      & $(0.002)$      & $(0.002)$      & $(0.006)$      & $(0.009)$      & $(0.008)$      & $(0.010)$      \\
Relative wealth            & $-0.001$       & $0.000$        & $-0.001$       & $-0.000$       & $-0.010^{***}$ & $-0.002$       & $-0.012^{***}$ & $-0.007^{***}$ \\
                           & $(0.002)$      & $(0.001)$      & $(0.001)$      & $(0.001)$      & $(0.006)$      & $(0.005)$      & $(0.006)$      & $(0.005)$      \\
TEK status excluded        & $0.002$        & $0.002$        & $0.005^{**}$   & $0.001$        & $-0.019^{***}$ & $-0.014^{***}$ & $-0.009^{*}$   & $0.001$        \\
                           & $(0.003)$      & $(0.003)$      & $(0.003)$      & $(0.003)$      & $(0.014)$      & $(0.015)$      & $(0.013)$      & $(0.014)$      \\
Horizontal inequality      & $-0.000$       & $-0.001$       & $-0.001$       & $-0.001$       & $-0.004$       & $-0.005$       & $-0.005$       & $-0.002$       \\
                           & $(0.002)$      & $(0.002)$      & $(0.002)$      & $(0.002)$      & $(0.008)$      & $(0.009)$      & $(0.009)$      & $(0.010)$      \\
Status excluded            & $0.010^{***}$  & $0.010^{***}$  & $0.010^{***}$  & $0.010^{***}$  & $0.066^{***}$  & $0.067^{***}$  & $0.064^{***}$  & $0.062^{***}$  \\
                           & $(0.004)$      & $(0.004)$      & $(0.004)$      & $(0.004)$      & $(0.016)$      & $(0.016)$      & $(0.015)$      & $(0.015)$      \\
Previous rebellions        & $0.030^{***}$  & $0.030^{***}$  & $0.030^{***}$  & $0.030^{***}$  & $0.188^{***}$  & $0.188^{***}$  & $0.188^{***}$  & $0.187^{***}$  \\
                           & $(0.007)$      & $(0.007)$      & $(0.007)$      & $(0.007)$      & $(0.030)$      & $(0.030)$      & $(0.030)$      & $(0.030)$      \\
Status downgraded          & $0.019^{***}$  & $0.020^{***}$  & $0.020^{***}$  & $0.019^{***}$  & $0.026^{*}$    & $0.026^{*}$    & $0.026^{*}$    & $0.027^{*}$    \\
                           & $(0.013)$      & $(0.013)$      & $(0.013)$      & $(0.013)$      & $(0.031)$      & $(0.031)$      & $(0.031)$      & $(0.031)$      \\
Ln(Country GDP per capita) & $-0.003^{***}$ & $-0.003^{***}$ & $-0.003^{***}$ & $-0.003^{***}$ & $-0.006^{***}$ & $-0.007^{***}$ & $-0.007^{***}$ & $-0.006^{***}$ \\
                           & $(0.001)$      & $(0.001)$      & $(0.001)$      & $(0.001)$      & $(0.007)$      & $(0.005)$      & $(0.006)$      & $(0.006)$      \\
Ln(Country population)     & $0.000$        & $0.000$        & $0.000$        & $0.000$        & $0.007^{***}$  & $0.008^{***}$  & $0.008^{***}$  & $0.008^{***}$  \\
                           & $(0.001)$      & $(0.001)$      & $(0.001)$      & $(0.001)$      & $(0.004)$      & $(0.004)$      & $(0.004)$      & $(0.004)$      \\
Intercept                  & $0.015$        & $0.015$        & $0.013$        & $0.015$        & $-0.118^{***}$ & $-0.120^{***}$ & $-0.110^{***}$ & $-0.134^{***}$ \\
                           & $(0.014)$      & $(0.013)$      & $(0.013)$      & $(0.013)$      & $(0.089)$      & $(0.090)$      & $(0.087)$      & $(0.090)$      \\
\hline
Group Fixed Effects        & No             & No             & No             & No             & No             & No             & No             & No             \\
Year Fixed Effects         & No             & No             & No             & No             & No             & No             & No             & No             \\
R$^2$                      & $0.021$        & $0.021$        & $0.021$        & $0.020$        & $0.173$        & $0.171$        & $0.172$        & $0.171$        \\
Adj. R$^2$                 & $0.019$        & $0.019$        & $0.020$        & $0.019$        & $0.172$        & $0.170$        & $0.171$        & $0.170$        \\
Num. obs.                  & $7268$         & $7268$         & $7268$         & $7268$         & $7793$         & $7793$         & $7793$         & $7793$         \\
\hline
\multicolumn{9}{l}{\scriptsize{$^{***}p<0.01$; $^{**}p<0.05$; $^{*}p<0.1$}}
\end{tabular}
}
\label{tab:robustols}
\end{center}
\end{table}
